Images Of African Americans In The Media

Images Of African Americans In The Media The mass media is a powerful force today in American pop culture. A lot of the images seen on television, magazines, billboards, and on television have lasting impressions. Sometimes these impressions create a negative impact. The media can be very destructive to society. Many different ethnic groups and cultures are negatively affected by the content and images in the media. African Americans seem to be on the very top of that list. For some people in society, the only time they get to see another race is from the images portrayed through the media. America is populated with many different cultures and races, often considered as the worlds largest melting pot. Learned ignorance with a combination of limited exposure and negative images being the only depiction seen in different areas of the media lead to stereotyping of an entire race. Since the infancy of television and newspaper, exposure of African Americans has been scarce or even non-existent. In the early times black culture in television and film were limited to demeaning and cruel depictions of black people as being submissive, docile, and unintelligent. Many black actors were only assigned to domestic roles, portrayed as savages, and other images that added to the stereotypes of black people in that time in history. Blacks were rarely seen in news shows, newspapers, but it seemed to only be shown if they were committing crimes. The negative stereotypes of blacks in the media were a result of the lack of African Americans holding management positions in the media. Therefore a lot of the images being shown blacks had no control over. Even though there are so many negative images of blacks in the media, black entrepreneurs began showing positive images of their race and culture. In 1945, John H. Johnson, founder of Johnson Publishing Company, created Ebony Magazine. This is where he put an effort into displaying positive role models in the black community. In 1951, he crested Jet magazine to discuss the news in the black community that mainstream media ignored. People that read Jet and Ebony said they believrf their dreams could come true after reading the stories of success of other African Americans, despite what they saw in the media. Newspapers that were writing and organized by African Americans had a major influence in overcoming racial stereotypes in the media. In the 1980s, television started portraying positive images of bla cks. Successful sitcoms like The Cosby Show, developed by Bill Cosby showed that African Americans can be educated parents and raise successful family in New York. At least a decade before that, Norman Lear developed a successful family show called Good Times that showed Africans Americans struggling to make ends meet by staying away from the danger that is associated with living in public housing. Even though black people do successful things they are still criticized. Those shows were successful as far as ratings but were still criticized about the characters in Good Times are depicting blacks as poverty stricken. The success of the Cosby show and other positive black shows has changed drastically over the years. The negative and racial preferences in the media even influence our younger generation. All children in our society become aware of racial prejudice that is directed against their own race or others. Social comparison starts from early school years. They normally focus on characteristics like skin color, to make social comparisons. It has been proven through several tests on adolescents in grade school their preferences on a particular race based on what they see in the media. One of researches was based on baby dolls. This test indicated that children prefer white baby dolls because it was more popular on television commercials. Black baby dolls were rarely seen on TV or non-existent. Colorism is another major aspect that has been brought upon by the mass media. Colorism involves light skinned African Americans rejecting blacks who are darker skin toned. Colorism encompasses that dark -skinned African Americans discriminating against lighter skinned blacks for not being dark enough. This also includes issues involving hair texture, eye color, and hair texture. It also involves discrimination among their own race on a persons complexion and physical characteristics. In the media, whether it be on television or in newspapers, it has been said that those with lighter complexions, are treated differently that darker African Americans. African American women in the mass media portray women as stereotypical, mammies, matriarchs, welfare recipients, and jezebels. These images have been controlling images for a long time. The media displays demeaning characteristics of black women being lazy and promiscuous. Today in society the images in women, especially black women, ar e disgusting. In music videos derogatory lyrics and compromising photos forces the community to believe that this is all what African women are all about. Black women are given the most sexual and demeaning roles to promote and advertise products and albums for record labels. These types of images only send out negative images that this is the only thing black women know how to do. Black men are seen as drug users, violent and dead beat fathers in the mass media. Music videos portray them also as thugs and uneducated. If convicted of a crime the news will often show a mug shot of a black male but will show a less offensive picture of a white male. Crime shows and movies will tend to show black males as the offender, being disrespectful , running from the police, and involved in hostile situations. The media tends to show this type of behavior over and over in the news or published in the newspaper more often than you would see a black male doing something positive for his community. This is why other black males are influenced by what they see because this is all they see and they believe this is what they are supposed to do. When society is seeing the same behaviors being shown continuously then this creates the stereotypes of that race. They believe is this how ths race acts based on what they see on television and what they read. On the other hand, the same negative images by the media are turned around when it comes to white females and males. White females are portrayed as victims of crimes and innocent. Forensic files television shows or cold case shows seem to show crimes that involved a white female as a victim, cases with black victims are not sown as much. Another example of the media influencing or promoting racial stereotypes is in the movies. A lot of the movies that are about gang violence or living in urban areas focus on black males being angry and committing crimes. For example, A film called Menace to Society, was produced by black men, and was a totally negative display of African American Men. This movie focused only on the street life and made it seem like there is something good and honorable about being a thug and being involved in criminal activity. A lot of the movies portray black men as being nothing more than animals that have no brains and only engage in criminal activity. With these types of movies being on the market, it is only expected that society including other African Americans will believe and act out on what they see. The media constantly bombards us with negative images of African American males and females, and this is what encourages racial stereotypes. Unfortunately, people tend to believe what they see on TV. They believe that what they see on TV is the truth about the world and everybody in it. Those who believe what they see on television have no other reference or personal life experience which to compare or contrast to make decisions about they see. Younger children tend to look at the med ia to explore new things and see if they can relate to other things in the world. Television and the media has a way of stereotyping people, races, and cultures based on standardized roles and behaviors. This provides people with a broad idea and assumptions. The absence of minorities in the media may leave children with the sense of not being worthy, worthy of attention, or respect. Despite the negative depictions in the media, African Americans have come a long way and have become very successful and powerful in society. African Americans have succeeded in becoming athletes, movie stars, and musical artist. They have succeeded in becoming police officers, nurses, and other professions. They have excelled in being outstanding mother and fathers and marriages are lasting. There is still the high statistics that show that African Americans are above all other races when it comes to being single parents and having broken homes, but not everyone in that race is classed under those stereotypes. They are a lot of positive African American role models that we can look up to now. One African American family that everyone can look up to know as positive reinforcement is the Obama family. They have shown that black they are positive black families that can stick together and be successful. They have given American another way to view black families. They stereotypical views that blacks families always end destruction and broken homes and the children become useless in society have come to end. There are a lot of black families that consist of the mother and father and both are successful in life. They media unfortunately dont show the positive side. He media tends to focus on the broken homes and terrible behaviors of kids that are split between the broken homes. Sadly, this is true but the black family is not the only ones going through broken homes and having single parents. The Cosby Show was one of the first positive depictions of black families, but it was only a television show. Now the Obamas shows a real life portrayal of a happy successful African Amer ican family. Positive images of black fathers in the media are virtually non-existent. Black fathers are normally depicted has leaving their families and not supporting their children. They are mostly seen as worthless individuals who do not work and avoid taking responsibility for their kids. There are a lot of black fathers who are active in their childrens lives but the media neglects to show that to America. Even on day time talk shows you will always see more than any other race black fathers denying their kids and going through paternity test on national television. America loves nothing more but to find enjoyment in watching them demean their race. This display on television only adds fuel to the fire when we are watching black men deny their children. This only makes other races believe that black men are dead beat dads. Contrary to what is being shown on television, there are shows that show how many black men are being involved in their childrens lives. Many rap stars constantly show how much they love and cherish their children. Most of the time you will see them with their families on red carpet events and now they are even making sitcoms that show their everyday lives with their families. With this new change in the media it is a refreshing look at how things are slowly changing.

Animal Farm – Literary Essay

Is it not everyone's dream to live in a world where each person  is equal? Karl Marx came up with a  solution  to the problem of inequality and called it communism. The idea of  communism  looks like a good  plan  on paper but it could never work in real life because of ones’ large desire  for power. George Orwell uses his novel  Animal Farm  to show how one’s greed can lead a great plan to fail, regardless of the situation. He does this by showing how one loses focus of the original idea because they crave power, how one then goes against the original idea, and finally how one turns the original idea into something it was never supposed to be. In the beginning of the  book, Old Major tells the animals his dream of freedom for all animals. Then, Old Major dies, leaving behind his wisdom and his vision for all animals. Throughout the book the other animals carry out his dream and they name it Animalism. They even come up with rules, known as the seven commandments. â€Å"THE SEVEN COMMANDMENTS 1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. 2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. 3. No animal shall wear clothes. 4. No animal shall sleep in a bed. 5. No animal shall drink alcohol. 6. No animal shall kill any other animal. 7. All animals are equal,† (page – chapter 2). The animals then  paint  these commandments on the wall and live by them every day. Even though these are great rules the pigs start to lose focus and start to battle for power. After Old Major dies and the plans for Animalism start to take off both Napoleon and Snowball fight for power over the farm. Two people cannot share power, because power cannot be shared. It is greed that pushes one leader to gain all of the power. In the book Animal Farm Snowball and Napoleon are battling for power. Orwell writes, â€Å"At last the day came when Snowball's plans were completed. At the Meeting on the following Sunday the question of whether or not to begin work on the windmill was to be put to the vote. When the animals had assembled in the big barn, Snowball stood up and, though occasionally interrupted by bleating from the sheep, set forth his reasons for advocating the building of the windmill. Then Napoleon stood up to reply. He said very quietly that the windmill was nonsense and that he advised nobody to vote for it, and promptly sat down again; he had spoken for barely thirty seconds, and seemed almost indifferent as to the effect he produced, (Chapter 5 paragraph 3). † Napoleon seems to strive for power more than Snowball does and he will take any chance he has to take Snowball down, which completely defeats Old Major’s vision of Animalism and its purpose of equality. Power was not a part of Old major’s vision. While Snowball is very intelligent and seems to want the best for Animal Farm Napoleon is just power-hungry. It is clear that Napoleon is jealous of Snowball, so he begins to plan how to get rid of him. To do this, Napoleon uses the dogs to chase Snowball off the farm. When they return to him it’s as if they have no regret. â€Å"It was noticed that they wagged their tails to him in the same way as the other dogs had been used to do to Mr. Jones,† (5. 15). Napoleon has a taste for power, and now that he has it he is only going to want more. After Snowball is gone, Napoleon has complete control of the farm, which is not a good thing. He rarely speaks for himself because he has Squealer to do it for him. Napoleon gets rid of the meetings, which also gets rid of opportunity for the other animals to speak. He also gives himself all of the luxuries. â€Å"In these days Napoleon rarely appeared in public, but spent all his time in the farmhouse, which was guarded at each door by fierce-looking dogs. When he did emerge, it was in a ceremonial manner, with an escort of six dogs who closely surrounded him and growled if anyone came too near,†Ã‚  (7. ) Napoleon is now the most important animal on the farm, and even re-writes history to make himself seem even better. Napoleon was not the only one to re-write history though, although, he was the one that demanded the others to make false confessions just so they could be killed. â€Å"And so the tale of confessions and executions went on, until there was a pile of corpses l ying before Napoleon’s feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood, which had been unknown there since the time of Jones,†Ã‚  (7. 6). Napoleon wanted to prove his power to the other animals and he would stop at nothing to do so. One could say that Napoleon became worse than Mr. Jones, the original farm owner, ever was. A plan that started out to make the farm a communist place turns out to be ruled by a dictator, again. George Orwell used the book Animal Farm to write about how Karl Marx’s idea of communism and how easily it can fail because one loses focus of the original idea.

Differences Between Personnel Management And Hr Management Commerce Essay

In this chapter of the thesis, I will discourse the chief maps of an HR director, Personnel Management, differences between Personnel Management and Human Resource Management like joy analysis, forces planning and recruiting, employee testing and choice every bit good as preparation and development.2.1 Challenges of Personnel ManagementDay to twenty-four hours challenges are faced by Personnel Management. Personnel Management have to cover with a work force that includes struggle between the staff members or sometimes with the direction. Analyzing the statistics of the concern which includes day-to-day analysis of the employees like the absence of employee, predictable market forces that impact on concern results. Changes in engineering, is one of the chief challenges that is included on the top challenges of Personnel Management. Business are trade with limitations which is caused by budget restraints, non holding accomplishments within the work force Personnel direction are responsible for happening out the solution and get the better of this state of affairs. Practical jobs like failure of equipment and machinery can besides take to this job. The direction should maintain be cautious that no employee is idle.2.2 Differences between Personnel Management and HR ManagementThe chief difference between forces direction and human resource direction is: forces direction is the traditional attack and human resource direction is the modern attack towards pull offing employees in an endeavor. We compare personnel direction and human resource direction, forces direction is a preponderantly administrative record-keeping map that establishes and manage just footings and conditions of employment contract, whereas human resource direction integrates the traditional forces direction maps to corporate ends and schemes, and performs extra people centered organisational developmental activities. Significant difference exists between forces direction and human resource direction in footings of range, attack, and application.2.2.1 Differences in ScopeThe range of forces direction includes activities like work force planning, enlisting, occupation rating, occupation analysis, developing disposal, and related undertakings. Human resources direction includes all the above activities and organisational developmental activities like leading, motive, developing organisational civilization, communicating of shared values. The human resource direction attack remains integrated to the company ‘s nucleus scheme, and seek to optimise this usage of human resource for the accomplishing organisational ends. This strategic and doctrine context of human resource direction makes it more purposeful, relevant, and more effectual compared to the forces direction attack.Difference in ApproachPersonnel direction attack tends to attach much importance to norms, imposts and established patterns, where theA HR approachA gives importance to values and mission. Personnel direction attack besides concerns itself with set uping regulations, policies, processs, and contracts, and strives to supervise and implement conformity to such ordinances, with careful word picture of written contract. The human resource direction attack remains impatient with regulations and ordinances, and attempts to loosen up them based on concern demands and exigencies, and purpose to travel by the spirit of the contract instead than the missive of the contract. An illustration of this difference in attack prevarications in the intervention of employee motive. The personnel direction attack holds employee satisfaction as the key to maintaining employees motivated, and institute compensation, fillips, wagess, and work simplification enterprises as possible incentives. The human resource doctrine hold improved public presentation as the driver of employee satisfaction, and invent schemes such as work challenges, squad work, and creativeness to better motive.Difference in NatureAnother dimension of the difference is attack between human resources and forces direction is the nature of human resource direction compared to the nature of forces direction. Personnel direction remains distant from nucleus organisational activities, maps independently, and takes a reactive attack to alterations in corporate ends or scheme. Human resource direction remains incorporate with corporate scheme and takes a proactive attack to aline the work force toward achievement ofA ends. Example, the forces direction attacks concerns itself with public presentation assessment procedure, human resource direction attack has a more comprehensive public presentation direction system that aims to rectify public presentation instead than do a study card of past public presentation.Difference in ApplicationPersonnel direction is an independent staff map in the organisation, with the actions from directors, and no linkage to the organisations core procedure. Human resource direction remains integrated with the organisations core scheme and maps. Though a distinguishable human resource section carries out much of the human resource direction undertakings, human res ource enterprises involve the direction and runing staff strongly. Personnel direction besides strives to accommodate the aspirations and positions of the work force with direction involvement by institutional agencies such as corporate bargaining, trade brotherhood based dialogues and the similar. This leads to arrested development of work conditions applicable for all, and non needfully aligned to overall corporate ends. Human Resource Management gives covering with each employee independently and provides more importance to client developmental activities and easing single employees ( non dickering or negociating with trade brotherhoods ) . Finally, in our treatment of forces direction and human resource direction, we find that forces direction lays down stiff occupation description with many classs and a fixed publicity policy – normally based on senior status and public presentation assessment evaluations. Human resource direction on the other manus has comparatively fewer classs and ranks, with loosely defined occupation duties supplying much range for using creativeness and enterprise, and plentifulness of calling waies, with accomplishments, endowment and committedness the cardinal drivers of calling promotion.2.3 Use of occupation analysis information[ 1 ]This includes several HR direction activities: Recruitment and choice: It has information on human features required to execute activities every bit good as what the occupation intends. This is described by occupation specifications and descriptions and it besides helps the direction to make up one's mind what sort of people they should engage. Compensation: The HR director usage occupation analysis information in order to make up one's mind appropriate compensation ( such as salary and other inducements ) . Compensation of an employee is depend on occupations required accomplishments and instruction degree, the grade of duty every bit good as on other factors which can be assist through occupation analysis. By and large, the employee classs their occupation into categories ( like secretary in grade III ) .Job analysis besides contains information on the comparative worth of each occupation. Performance assessment: This is a procedure through which existent public presentation is compared in relation with his public presentation criterions. With the aid of occupation analysis, directors determine public presentation criterions every bit good as occupation specific activities. Training: The preparation demands of a occupation are by and large mentioned in the occupation description. Detecting unassigned responsibilities: With the aid of occupation analysis, the directors can apportion even assigned responsibilities. For illustration, the company ‘s production director may be responsible for a twelve of responsibilities like production programming, natural stuff buying. Missing, nevertheless, is any mention to pull offing natural stuff stock lists. After diging deeper, one learns that other fabrication people are non responsible for stock list direction. So, the directors teach whom to delegate all those exposed unassigned responsibilities. EEO complains: EEO complains should be considered by HR directors as reflect to the US federal bureaus uniform guidelines on employee choice. For illustration, employers must be able to turn out that the choice standards and occupation public presentation are really related.

Is college For Everyone Essays - 656 Words

Allessandra Lancaster November 6, 2013 Arnold Clay ENC1101 Is College for Everyone?: Comparative Rhetorical Analysis Since the first GI Bill was passed after World War II universities have been steadily increasing. Currently there are more than 4000 college like institutions in the United States. Public policy has been making higher education more reachable for example by creating federal student loan programs so everyone has a chance to attend college. But recently we have seen the cost of a four year degree drastically increase because Americans are seeing college as an obligation. â€Å"On â€Å"Real Education†Ã¢â‚¬  Robert T. Perry argues that we need more university and community college graduates. â€Å"Is College for Everyone† Pharinet is†¦show more content†¦Pharinet thinks that the most common issue with college is that students are not yet ready for the academic and financial challenges. He claims that students find themselves trying to work full time and do to school full time and before long students decide they need to work and drop their status to a part time student. Through the use of pathos Pharinet asks his readers to consider a very valid point, if college is for everyone then why do we rely on SAT scores and high school transcripts? And why doesn’t every school have an admissions policy? Then followed those questions with the answer that college is not for everyone. There is no real desire for learning. Individuals just go to college to earn a degree to settle down into a job with decent pay. Using pathos again Pharinet explains that when this kind of person enters the work force are they going to lack motivation in there career because of the only reason for wanting the career was for the money. When comparing these to essays, you can clearly see that there are two completely different beliefs. Robert believes that college is for everyone where Pharinet believes that college is not for everyone. Robert had a more persuasive argument because he established a good ethos, Robert uses facts and professional opinions to back hi s argument, whereas Pharinet uses hisShow MoreRelatedCollege Is Not For Everyone1286 Words   |  6 Pagesthat most kids take after graduation; college, or should you chose your own path. You began to consider the cost, the effectiveness, and other problems associated with college which makes you start to reconsider if college is actually worth it. You have to decide whether to go to college, an alternative institute, or to get a job. Your dreams are big and you know the chances of achieving them are less if you do not receive a college degree. After all, a college degree is a life necessity, dependingRead MoreIs College For Everyone? 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